NARCOMANIA.

NARCOTIC SUBSTANCES, THEIR OPERATION PER CAPITA AND CLASSIFICATION.

Abusing narcotics and illegal trade in them recently in many, especially advanced countries of the world have accepted disastrous sizes. The official press the USA, Germany, France, England, almost daily informs Sweden the mors of the citizens which have followed in result Abusing by narcotic and psychotropic substances. The narcomania has captured in many countries even teenagers.

The wide circulation of a narcomania in the advanced countries in many respects is consequence of those social settings which there exist, namely: unemployment, uncertainty in tomorrow's bottom, daily stresses, a serious psychological status, tendency to receive a dope which is making an impression of inflow of forces, even on a short period to leave from an enclosing reality.

Alongside with already world famous narcotic preparations for the last 10 years in many countries the number of the narcomaniacs using so-called psychotropic narcotics has increased. In this respect the most dangerous appeared amphetamines and hallucinogens, the LSD and other derivatives of a lysergic acid which are not being, as against other psychotropic preparations, medical and presenting exclusive danger to the person.

At the international antinarcotics centre in New York have named approximate amount of narcomaniacs on globe; the digit appeared awful: billion narcomaniacs! Thus it is necessary to mention, that today drug traffic became one of the most terrible forms of maintenance of the person the person, one of the most terrible crimes against humanity.

What is "narcotic"? Outgoing from the definition given by the Worldwide organization of public health services, the narcotic should be counted any substance (having or not having legal application in medicine) which is a subject of abusing in other purposes, except for medical.

The scientists, trying to penetrate into secret of a dope, are shocked extraordinary virulence of the narcotics, capable to creep in the depth of feelings and thoughts of the customers. The durable and profound probes spent by the whole generations of scientists, were not fruitless. The poison hidden in the majority of "paradise" agents, has been detected. In 60th years experts have placed, that the excessive use of hallucinogenic substances causes alienations, serious pathological statuses. Physiological properties of the narcotics involved in difficult chemical process, occurring in a human body, possess attractive force, and I force a victim to access to them repeatedly or continuously after the habit or dependence strongly has entered the rights.

Narcotics depending on their effect on an organism of the person can be divided into two big groups:

1. excitant;
2. causing depression.

Thus it is necessary to mean, that each of narcotics possesses the big variety of the hidden properties variously influential in nervous system.

There are narcotics which abirritate and anesthetize (them name depressive), and there are others, rendering the stimulating effect, excitant an organism. Hallucinogenic agents cause ecstasy and violence, nightmares or feeling of excruciating trouble. Thus each of these substances, even the most dangerous from the point of view of abusing, can have curative, salutary an effect but only in the event that it apply absolutely correctly.

The Indian hemp, leaves cooks, seeds of a poppy are considered as one of the most ancient natural narcotic substances. Opium and its derivatives: morphia, heroin - have analgesic an effect and eliminate a status of alarm and pavor, reduce, often before complete eradication, sensation of famine and thirst, slacken sexual passion, depress an emiction, plunge the person into a drowsiness or, in a case with heroin, in violence.

In the similar ratio the hasheesh, marihuana and other derivative plants Cannabis savita in the Indian or American variant are allocated. Cocaine causes usually most violent responses accompanying usually with hallucinations or strange euphoria, commixed with paranoid impulses. Occasionally crime character of this narcotic generates violence and stimulates mental activity of the person. In 60th years on horizon the LSD, a diethylamide of the lysergic acid, the half-synthetic substance, derivative the lysergic acid has appeared, extracted from a mushroom of an ergot neigh. The LSD, the latest descendant of family of narcotics is far from being, has opened path to even more strong substances. To understand danger which carries with itself such explosion of narcotics, we shall remind what enough to accept a million share of gramme of the LSD on each kg of weight that he began hallucinate.

The status of a narcomania is characterized by three properties: 1) insuperable desire or requirement to continue to accept narcotics and to get their any modes; 2) tendency to enlarge doses; 3) dependence mental, and sometimes and physical character from effects of a narcotic.

The so-called syndrome of a narcomania arises only as a result of acceptance of a narcotic irrespective of, whether there is it accidentally or after the systematic use. Stages of this process weeping more slowly or more fast, in main the following:

1. Initial euphoria, often rather short-term. She is characteristic for the defined narcotic substances (especially morphia and opium), instead of for all agents. In such status of an acrimony, bizarre and often erotic visions the person loses the control over self...
2. Tolerance has temporary character. This phenomenon speaks response of an organism to operation of the same dose of the substance accepted repeatedly. By degrees the organism reacts more weakly.
3. Dependence. The majority of contributors came to output, that dependence - the phenomenon both physical, and mental. It expresses classical signs of an abstinence which the narcomaniac transfers very hardly and to risk of serious organic or functional attacks.
4. the Abstinence occurs usually in 12-48 hours after termination of acceptance of a narcotic. The narcomaniac cannot transfer this status causing in him nervous breakdowns, a tachycardia, spastic strictures, a vomiting, a diarrhea, a hyper salivation, the increased secretion of glands. Thus there is an obsessional desire to find toxic substance - a narcotic - at any cost!

The sharp abstinence of the narcomaniac leads to violent and extremely dangerous manifestations which can cause the present blow-ups as it happens with morphine addicts in some cases. These are varieties terrible delirium tremens in which the incurable toper is immersed... The Attack in itself expresses a status of acute need for a poison becoming the necessary factor of internal processes.

Now we shall pass to classification of narcomanias. We shall result the classical division developed by experts of the World health care society. So, all narcotics and their operations share on the following groups.

1. the Sedative poisons abirritating mental activity. They reduce down to complete elimination of function of excitability and perception, confusing the person, presenting with his bouquet of pleasant statuses. These substances (opium and its alkaloids, morphia, Codeine, the cook and Cocaine) change cerebral functions and are related to category Euforica.
2. the Hallucinogenic agents represented by the big number of vegetable substances, very different on the chemical compound. A mescaline from a cactus, the Indian hemp, a hasheesh and other tropeine plants here enter. All of them cause the cerebral exaltations expressed in deformation of sensations, hallucinations, distortion of perceptions, visions and consequently them carry to category Fantastica.
3. Here concern the substances easily received by chemical synthesis, cerebral exaltations causing at first, and then deep depression. As such agents are ranked: alcohol, an Aether, Chloroformium, gasoline. This category Inebrantia.
4. Category Hypnotica where poisons of dream enter: chloral, barbiturates, sulphorol, a kava-kava, etc.)
5. Excitantia. The vegetative substances excitant cerebral activity without immediate influence on mentality here prevail; force of effect on different faces happens different. The plants containing a coffeine, tobacco here enter, etc.

In the majority of the countries participating in struggle against narcotics, only small part of production, that is the preparations including in the list of prohibited narcotics, so various on the properties causing a narcomania is monitored. Steps of a narcomania carry on all below, defining an exacerbation of the disaster being as experts of the Worldwide organization of public health services underline, the big threat for public health services on a global scale. This danger is enlarged as factories and laboratories make all new and new types of narcotics, more and more strong and nocuous.